其實它有包(bao)括很多方(fang)面(mian)的類型(xing)，它并不是單(dan)一(yi)的，下面(mian)來為大家介紹一(yi)下。

   ; 隨著汽車制(zhi)造業(ye)和IT制(zhi)造業(ye)的(de)(de)飛速發展(zhan)，對塑(su)料(liao)(liao)模(mo)具工業(ye)的(de)(de)要求是越來越嚴格，因此為塑(su)料(liao)(liao)模(mo)具工業(ye)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)提供了(le)巨大的(de)(de)動(dong)力(li)。

    按(an)照成(cheng)型方(fang)法的(de)不同(tong)，可以劃(hua)分出對應不同(tong)工(gong)藝要(yao)求的(de)塑料加工(gong)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)類型，主要(yao)有注射成(cheng)型模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)、擠出成(cheng)型模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)、吸塑成(cheng)型模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)、高發泡聚苯乙烯成(cheng)型模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)等。

   1、塑料注射(塑)模具。

   它(ta)重(zhong)如果熱(re)(re)塑(su)(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)件(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)物臨(lin)盆(pen)中(zhong)利用(yong)最為廣(guang)(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)設備是(shi)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)機(ji)，塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)首先在打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)機(ji)底加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)料(liao)(liao)筒內受熱(re)(re)熔融，而后在打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)螺桿(gan)或(huo)柱塞(sai)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)下，經打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)機(ji)噴嘴(zui)和模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)澆注(zhu)體(ti)系進(jin)(jin)入模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)腔，塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)冷卻(que)軟化成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)，脫模獲得成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)。其布局平(ping)(ping)日(ri)由(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)、澆注(zhu)體(ti)系、導向(xiang)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)、推(tui)出機(ji)構(gou)、調溫(wen)體(ti)系、排(pai)氣體(ti)系、支(zhi)持(chi)部件(jian)(jian)(jian)等部門構(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。制作資(zi)料(liao)(liao)平(ping)(ping)日(ri)采(cai)納(na)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼模塊，常(chang)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材質(zhi)重(zhong)要為碳素布局鋼、碳素工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼、合金工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)鋼，高速(su)鋼等。打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)方(fang)法平(ping)(ping)日(ri)只適用(yong)于熱(re)(re)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)臨(lin)盆(pen)，用(yong)打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)工(gong)藝臨(lin)盆(pen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)非常(chang)廣(guang)(guang)泛，從(cong)生(sheng)涯日(ri)用(yong)品(pin)到各種繁雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)器(qi)，電器(qi)、交(jiao)通工(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)整機(ji)等都是(shi)用(yong)打(da)(da)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它(ta)是(shi)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)臨(lin)盆(pen)中(zhong)利用(yong)最廣(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種加(jia)(jia)工(gong)辦法。

   2、高發泡聚(ju)苯乙烯成型(xing)模(mo)具(ju)。

   是利用可發性聚(ju)(ju)苯(ben)(ben)乙(yi)烯(由聚(ju)(ju)苯(ben)(ben)乙(yi)烯和發泡劑構成(cheng)的(de)珠狀料)質(zhi)料來成(cheng)型(xing)各(ge)類所需外形(xing)的(de)泡沫塑料包裝資料的(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)模具(ju)(ju)(ju)。其道理是可發聚(ju)(ju)苯(ben)(ben)乙(yi)烯在模具(ju)(ju)(ju)內(nei)能入蒸汽(qi)成(cheng)型(xing)，包含簡(jian)略(lve)單(dan)純手工(gong)操作模具(ju)(ju)(ju)和液壓機直通式(shi)泡沫塑料模具(ju)(ju)(ju)兩種(zhong)(zhong)范(fan)例，重要用來臨(lin)盆工(gong)業品方面的(de)包裝產物。制作此種(zhong)(zhong)模具(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)資料有鑄鋁、不(bu)銹鋼、青銅等。.

   3、塑料(liao)吹塑模(mo)具。

    是(shi)用來(lai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)塑(su)料容(rong)(rong)器類(lei)(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)(如飲料瓶、日(ri)化用品(pin)等(deng)(deng)各類(lei)(lei)包裝容(rong)(rong)器)的一種模具，吹塑(su)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的情勢按工(gong)藝道理主要有(you)擠(ji)出(chu)吹塑(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、打針(zhen)(zhen)吹塑(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、打針(zhen)(zhen)延(yan)長吹塑(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(俗稱(cheng)“注拉吹”)，多層吹塑(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，片(pian)材吹塑(su)中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)(deng)。中(zhong)(zhong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)吹塑(su)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)所對應的裝備平日(ri)稱(cheng)為塑(su)料吹塑(su)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機，吹塑(su)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)只適(shi)用于(yu)熱塑(su)料種類(lei)(lei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)的臨(lin)盆。吹塑(su)模具布局較為簡略，所用資料多以碳(tan)素多則(ze)制作。

    4、塑料(liao)壓塑模(mo)具。

   包含緊(jin)縮成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)注成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩種布局(ju)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)范例。它們是(shi)重(zhong)要用(yong)(yong)來(lai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)熱固性(xing)(xing)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)類(lei)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，其所對(dui)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)備(bei)是(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)機(ji)(ji)。緊(jin)縮成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)辦法依據塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)特征，將模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱至成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)溫度(一(yi)樣平常在 103°—108°)，而后將計量好的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)塑(su)(su)粉放入(ru)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)(xing)(xing)腔(qiang)和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)室，閉(bi)合(he)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在高熱，低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)感(gan)化(hua)(hua)下呈硬化(hua)(hua)粘流，經一(yi)定時間后固化(hua)(hua)定型(xing)(xing)(xing)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為所需成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)外(wai)形。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)注成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)緊(jin)縮成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)分歧(qi)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)有零丁的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)室，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)前模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)先閉(bi)合(he)，塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在加(jia)(jia)(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)室內實現預熱呈粘流態，在壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)感(gan)化(hua)(hua)下調劑擠(ji)入(ru)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)(xing)(xing)腔(qiang)，硬化(hua)(hua)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)。緊(jin)縮模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)也用(yong)(yong)來(lai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)某(mou)些特別(bie)的(de)(de)(de)熱塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)如難以(yi)熔(rong)融的(de)(de)(de)熱塑(su)(su)性(xing)(xing)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(如聚(ju)加(jia)(jia)(jia)氟乙烯)毛坯(pi)(冷壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing))，光學(xue)機(ji)(ji)能很高的(de)(de)(de)樹脂鏡(jing)片，稍(shao)微發泡的(de)(de)(de)硝(xiao)酸纖維素汽(qi)車方向盤等。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)塑(su)(su)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)重(zhong)要由型(xing)(xing)(xing)腔(qiang)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)料(liao)(liao)(liao)腔(qiang)、導向機(ji)(ji)構、推(tui)出部件(jian)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)熱體系等構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)注模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)普遍用(yong)(yong)于封裝(zhuang)電器元(yuan)件(jian)方面。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)塑(su)(su)模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)制造所用(yong)(yong)材質與(yu)打針模(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)根(gen)本雷(lei)同。

   5、塑(su)料吸塑(su)模(mo)具。

   因此塑(su)料(liao)(liao)板、片材為質料(liao)(liao)成(cheng)型(xing)某些(xie)較簡(jian)略塑(su)料(liao)(liao)制(zhi)品(pin)的(de)一種模具，其道理是(shi)應(ying)用抽真空(kong)怒放辦法(fa)或壓縮空(kong)氣成(cheng)型(xing)辦法(fa)使牢固在凹模或凸模上的(de)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)板、片，在加熱(re)硬化的(de)情(qing)況下(xia)變形而貼在模具的(de)型(xing)腔上獲得所需成(cheng)型(xing)產物，重要用于一些(xie)日用品(pin)、食物、玩(wan)具類包裝制(zhi)品(pin)臨盆(pen)方面。吸塑(su)模具因成(cheng)型(xing)時壓力較低(di)，以是(shi)模具資料(liao)(liao)多選用鑄鋁或非金屬資料(liao)(liao)制(zhi)作(zuo)，布(bu)局較為簡(jian)略。

  6、塑(su)料擠(ji)出模具。

   用(yong)來成(cheng)(cheng)型臨盆(pen)持續(xu)外(wai)形(xing)的(de)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)一類模具(ju)(ju)，又叫擠(ji)出(chu)成(cheng)(cheng)型機頭(tou)，普遍用(yong)于管材、棒材、單絲、板(ban)材、薄膜(mo)、電線電纜包覆層、異(yi)型材等(deng)(deng)的(de)加工。與(yu)(yu)其(qi)對應的(de)臨盆(pen)設備是(shi)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)擠(ji)出(chu)機，其(qi)道(dao)理是(shi)固(gu)態塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)在(zai)加熱和擠(ji)出(chu)機的(de)螺桿扭轉(zhuan)加壓條件下熔融，塑(su)(su)化(hua)，經由過程特定外(wai)形(xing)的(de)口(kou)模而制成(cheng)(cheng)截面與(yu)(yu)口(kou)模外(wai)形(xing)雷同的(de)持續(xu)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)。其(qi)制作資料(liao)(liao)主要(yao)有(you)碳素結構鋼、合金對象等(deng)(deng)，有(you)些擠(ji)出(chu)模具(ju)(ju)在(zai)必(bi)要(yao)耐磨(mo)的(de)部(bu)件上(shang)還(huan)會鑲嵌金剛石等(deng)(deng)耐磨(mo)資料(liao)(liao)。擠(ji)出(chu)中工工藝平日只實(shi)用(yong)熱塑(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)品(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)的(de)臨盆(pen)，其(qi)在(zai)結構上(shang)與(yu)(yu)注塑(su)(su)模具(ju)(ju)和壓塑(su)(su)模具(ju)(ju)備顯著(zhu)差別。